STUDI KASUS: DIAGNOSTIK HOLISTIK DAN PENATALAKSANAAN PASIEN PEREMPUAN USIA 50 TAHUN DENGAN HIPERTENSI URGENSI MELALUI PENDEKATAN KEDOKTERAN KELUARGA

Abstract

Hypertension or high blood pressure is an increase in systolic blood pressure of more than 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure of more than 90 mmHg in two measurements with an interval of five minutes in a state of sufficient rest/calm. Based on the cause, hypertension is divided into primary (essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension. 2015 World Health Organization (WHO) data shows that the prevalence of hypertension in the world has reached around 1.13 billion individuals, meaning that 1 in 3 people in the world are diagnosed with hypertension. The number of hypertension sufferers is predicted to continue to increase to reach 1.5 billion individuals in 2025, with deaths reaching 9.4 million individuals. The purpose of this case report is to implement holistic and comprehensive family doctor services by identifying risk factors, clinical problems, and patient management based on Evidence Based Medicine with a patient centered and family focused approach. This study is a case report. Primary data were obtained through autoanamnesis, physical examination, and home visits. Secondary data were obtained from the patient's medical record. Mrs. M, 50 years old, has a main complaint of difficulty feeling dizzy like throbbing since last night. Internal risk factors in the patient are age 59 years old, a mother with a history of hypertension, a curative treatment pattern, rarely exercising, likes to eat salty food and the patient's lack of knowledge about: hypertension classification where the patient does not know he is included in hypertension urgency; risk factors that cause the disease; complications that may occur; how to control the disease. External risk factors in the patient are: lack of family knowledge about the patient's disease, risk factors, complications, and prevention and control of the disease in the family. Diagnosis and management of patients have been carried out holistically, patient centered, family focused, and community oriented. Changes in the clinical, knowledge, and behavior of patients and their families occurred after the intervention was given.